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Kumpulan Artikel - 109 - Energi Fuel Cell / Sel Bahan Bakar
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PENCEMARAN UDARA, DAMPAK DAN SOLUSINYA !!

Pengertian Pencemaran Udara

Pencemaran udara adalah kehadiran satu atau lebih substansi fisik, kimia, atau biologi di atmosfer dalam jumlah yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan mahkluk hidup, mengganggu estetika dan kenyamanan, atau merusak properti.

Pencemaran udara adalah masuknya, atau tercampurnya unsur-unsur berbahaya ke dalam atmosfir yang dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan, gangguan pada kesehatan manusia secara umum serta menurunkan kualitas lingkungan.

Pencemaran Udara

Pencemaran Udara

Klasifikasi Pencemar Udara :

1. Pencemar primer : pencemar yang di timbulkan langsung dari sumber pencemaran udara.

2. Pencemar sekunder : pencemar yang terbentuk dari reaksi pencemar-pencemar primer di atmosfer.
Contoh:  Sulfur dioksida, Sulfur monoksida dan uap air akan menghasilkan asam sulfurik.

Pencemaran Udara

Pencemaran Udara

Jenis-jenis Bahan Pencemar:

- Karbon monoksida (CO)
- Nitrogen dioksida (N02)
- Sulfur Dioksida (S02)
- CFC
- Karbon dioksida (CO2)
- Ozon (03 )
- Benda Partikulat (PM)
- Timah (Pb)
- HydroCarbon (HC)

Penyebab Utama Pencemaran Udara :

Di kota besar sangat sulit untuk mendapat udara yang segar, diperkirakan 70 % pencemaran yang terjadi adalah akibat adanya kendaraan bermotor.
Contoh : di Jakarta antara tahun 1993-1997 terjadi peningkatan jumlah kendaraan berupa :
- Sepeda motor 207 %
- Mobil penumpang 177 %
- Mobil barang 176 %
- Bus 138 %

Pencemaran Udara akibat Kendaraan Bermotor

Pencemaran Udara akibat Kendaraan Bermotor

Dampak Pencemaran Udara :

- Penipisan Ozon
- Pemanasan Global ( Global Warming )
- Penyakit pernapasan, misalnya : jantung, paru-paru dan tenggorokan
- Terganggunya fungsi reproduksi
- Stres dan penurunan tingkat produktivitas
- Kesehatan dan penurunan kemampuan mental anak-anak
- Penurunan tingkat kecerdasan (IQ) anak-anak.

Sampah semakin memperparah Pencemaran Udara

Sampah semakin memperparah Pencemaran Udara

Solusi :

+ Clean Air Act yang dibuat oleh pemerintah dan menambah pajak bagi industri yang melakukan pencemaran udara.
+ Mengembangkan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan dan dapat diperbaharui diantaranya Fuel Cell dan Solar Cell.
+ Menghemat Energi yang digunakan.
+ Menjaga kebersihan lingkungan tempat tinggal.

Januari 7, 2009 - Ditulis oleh Putra | Ilmu dan Pengetahuan, Peduli Sosial | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
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